CNN /Health.com (3/6, Gardner) reports, “Adopted children are twice as likely to abuse drugs if their biological parents did too, suggesting that genetics do indeed play a role in the development of substance abuse problems,” according to a study published online March 5 in the Archives of General Psychiatry. “However, trouble or substance abuse in the adoptive family is also a risk factor, according to a study of more than 18,000 adopted children in Sweden,” suggesting that “both environment and biological family history can influence a child’s likelihood of future drug use.”

Specifically, “adopted children whose biological parents abused drugs were twice as likely to do the same, but so were their adopted siblings with whom they shared no heredity,” MedPage Today (3/6, Fiore) reports. The study of “18,115 adopted children who were born from 1950 to 1993, along with 78,079 biological parents and siblings, and 51,208 adoptive parents and siblings,” found that “drug abuse is etiologically complex with important genetic and shared-environmental influences,” the study authors reported.

Related Links:

— “Adopted kids’ drug abuse risk affected by biological family,”Amanda Gardner , CNN, March 5, 2012.

HealthDay (3/6, Dotinga) reports that a study published March 5 in the Canadian Medical Association Journal “provides more evidence that too many young kids may be diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or AD/HD, simply because they’re younger than their peers in the same classrooms.” Specifically, “researchers found that nearly seven percent of boys aged six to 12 were diagnosed with AD/HD overall, but the percentage ranged from 5.7 percent for those who were the oldest in their grade levels to 7.4 percent for the youngest. There was a similar gap for girls, although they’re much less likely to be diagnosed.”

For the study, investigators “followed more than 900,000 children living in British Columbia, Canada, where the cutoff for entry into kindergarten or first grade is Dec. 31 — meaning that children born in December would be close to a year younger than classmates born in January,” WebMD (3/6, Boyles) reports. “Compared to children whose birthdays were in January, boys born in December were about 30% more likely to be diagnosed with AD/HD,” while “girls born in December were 70% more likely to be diagnosed with AD/HD.”

MedPage Today (3/6, Neale) points out that “similar trends were seen for AD/HD medication prescriptions.” The study authors concluded, “Greater emphasis on a child’s behavior outside of school may be warranted when assessing children for AD/HD to lessen the risk of inappropriate diagnosis.” They added, “Further research into the determinants of AD/HD and approaches to its assessment and treatment should consider a child’s age within a grade.”

Related Links:

— “Youngest Kids in Class More Apt to Get ADHD ,” Randy Dotinga, Health Day, March 5, 2012.

In continuing coverage, the New York Times (3/8, Dao) “At War” blog reports, “Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more likely to be prescribed opioid pain killers than other veterans with pain problems and more likely to use the opioids in risky ways, according” to a VA study published March 7 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. According to the blog, VA “and the Department of Defense have for years been trying to reduce the use of opioid pain therapy among active duty troops and veterans amid reports of overmedication, addiction, rampant drug abuse and accidental deaths caused by overdoses or toxic mixing of medications.” Dr. Robert D. Kerns, VA’s national program director for pain management, “said in an interview that the department would draw attention to the new findings to push doctors to consider alternatives to opioid therapy, particularly” with PTSD patients.

Medscape (3/8, Lowry) notes, “Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan with mental health diagnoses, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are more likely to be prescribed opioid drugs for pain than are their counterparts without mental health diagnoses, new research shows. They are also more likely to have patterns of opioid use that put them at high risk for adverse clinical outcomes, lead author Karen H. Seal, MD, MPH, told Medscape.” Medscape adds, “Exploring other options to treat pain, such as the use of higher-dose anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and complementary or alternative medicine, such as acupuncture and chiropractic, is something that should be tried in this population, said Dr. Seal.”

Related Links:

— “For Veterans With Post-Traumatic Stress, Pain Killers Carry Risks, “James Dao, The New York Times, March 7, 2012.

HealthDay (3/8, Reinberg) reports, “Suicides among US soldiers rose 80 percent from 2004 to 2008,” according to a study published online March 7 in the journal Injury Prevention. The “analysis of data from the US Army Behavioral Health Integrated Data Environment” also revealed that “as many as 40 percent of these suicides may have been linked to combat experience in Iraq, yet nearly a third of the soldiers who committed suicide saw no combat at all.”

“Just one ambulatory visit for a mental health disorder may warn that a soldier is at risk for suicide,” MedPage Today (3/8, Fiore) reports. “Those who sought such help were about four times more likely to commit suicide than those who had not made any mental health visits (RR 3.9, 95% CI 3.0 to 4.9), Michelle Canham-Chervak, PhD, of the Injury Prevention Program of the US Army Public Health Command, and colleagues.” Notably, “patients who were hospitalized with mental illness had more than a 15-fold higher risk of suicide than those not hospitalized (RR 15.5, 95% CI 11.2 to 21.5).”

Related Links:

— “U.S. Army Suicides Rising Sharply, Study Finds Service in Iraq and Afghanistan appears to be the cause of increasing mental-health problems,”Steven Reinberg , Health Day, March 7, 2012.

The New York Times (3/7, B2, Thomas, Subscription Publication) reports that according to a report released Tuesday by AARP, “the prices of drugs used most widely by older Americans rose by nearly 26 percent from 2005 to 2009 — nearly twice the rate of inflation.” The report found that “the increase happened even as the price of generic drugs, which account for the vast majority of prescriptions, has been falling in recent years.” Cheryl Matheis, AARP senior vice president for policy strategy, said that while the “country is contracting economically and inflation is…really low, inflation in the cost of prescription drugs is going in the other direction,” illustrating a trend the organization describes as “relentless because it just doesn’t seem to abate.” Meanwhile, pharmaceutical industry officials criticized AARP’s report, asserting that the increased availability of generic medications has curtailed the increase in medication prices.

Related Links:

— “AARP Study Says Price of Popular Drugs Rose 26%,”Katie Thomas, The New York Times, March 6, 2012.